Arturo Toscanini’s menu
Il caffè (the meal's closing, standing at the counter)

Caffè ristretto del Maestro

DrinkEvocationfacile5 min

A very short, strong black coffee, pulled short, without sugar or barely, drunk in one gulp standing up. Frank and concentrated bitterness — the opposite of excess, in the image of a man who distrusted anything that could dull his lucidity.

Il caffè (the meal's closing, standing at the counter)

A very short, strong black coffee, pulled short, without sugar or barely, drunk in one gulp standing up. Frank and concentrated bitterness — the opposite of excess, in the image of a man who distrusted anything that could dull his lucidity.

A coffee! Short, black, burning — not that lukewarm water they serve to the lazy! I've drunk hundreds backstage, between two rehearsals, when the orchestra exhausted me more than the music itself. No sugar, or very little: bitterness awakens the mind, it sharpens the ear. You drink it standing, in one gulp, and go back to work. Concentration, you see, brooks no softness.
Arturo Toscanini
Ingredients
  • Finely ground roasted coffeea good dose (base)
  • Watervery little (extraction)
  • Sugaroptional, a pinch (optional sweetness)
How it was made : Modern espresso became widespread in Italy in the early decades of the 20th century; before that, coffee was brewed with a napoletana (upside-down pot) or a moka (invented in 1933). Coffee was drunk short, strong, and standing at the counter, a social ritual as much as a pick-me-up. Sugar was used sparingly by discerning connoisseurs.
Sources : Histoire de l'espresso italien, première moitié du XXe siècle