Born on February 25

Italian physicist, astronomer, and philosopher (1564–1642), Galileo revolutionized science by combining experimental observation with mathematics. Inventor of the astronomical telescope and champion of the heliocentric model, he laid the foundations of modern physics despite being tried by the Inquisition.

Argentine general and statesman, a major figure in the independence of South America. He freed Argentina, Chile, and Peru from Spanish rule before withdrawing from public life.

French painter (1841–1919) and a leading figure of Impressionism. Celebrated for his luminous scenes of Parisian life and his portrayals of women and childhood, he developed a warm and sensual style.