Born on July 19

French painter and sculptor (1834–1917), Degas is one of the founders of Impressionism. He is celebrated for his depictions of dancers at the Paris Opera and scenes of modern life.

American astronomer (1846–1919), director of the Harvard Observatory for 42 years. He revolutionized stellar classification and led the famous group known as the "Harvard Computers," composed mostly of women scientists.

Rosalyn Yalow was an American medical physicist and a pioneer of nuclear medicine. With Solomon Berson, she developed the radioimmunoassay (RIA), a technique that revolutionized biological diagnostics. She received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1977.