The Roman convivium (gustatio, mensa prima, mensa secunda)
At the end of the Republic, a wealthy matron like Fulvia dined reclining on couches (triclinium). It began with the gustatio (savory appetizers: eggs, olives, seasoned cheeses), continued with the mensa prima (meat, fish, and vegetable dishes), and ended with the mensa secunda (fresh fruit, honey cakes). Apart from the social meal, there were foods of piety (the libum offered to the Genius of the household) and the soldier's field bread, which Fulvia knew well during the war.
Signature : Garum
This fermented fish sauce is the soul of Roman cuisine: a drop goes everywhere, in savory dishes and sometimes even in sweet ones. A few elite warehouses produced a luxury garum, the *garum sociorum*, with which a lady of high Roman society seasoned her table.
Fulvia at the table
76 av. J.-C. — 39 av. J.-C.
5 period recipes
🧂
EverydayMoretum, the Garlic and Herb Cheese Spread
Gustatio (opening appetizer)
🧂 🍄 🍋· 15 min
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🍄
FestiveChicken in Oenogarum with Honey and Coriander
Mensa prima (main course of the convivium)
🍄 🍯 🧂· 50 min
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🍯
OfferingLibum, the Cheese Cake Offered to the Genius of the House
Sacrum — domestic offering (outside the social meal)
🍯 🍄· 55 min
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🧂
PreservingBuccellatum, the Twice-Baked Siege Bread
Cibaria militaria — field and preserved rations
🧂· 3 h (including resting)
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🍯
DrinkMulsum, the Honeyed Wine of Banquets
Mensa secunda / opening of the convivium — festive drink
🍯 🍋· 25 min (+ resting)
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