Biography

Fernand Raynaud (1926-1973) was one of the most popular French comedians of the postwar boom years. A pioneer of the French-style one-man show, he left his mark on radio, television and music hall with sketches that became classics of popular comedy.

Fernand Raynaud(1926 — 1973)

Fernand Raynaud

France

5 min read

Performing ArtsCultureHumoristeActeur/trice20th CenturyFrance during the Trente Glorieuses (1945-1973), the rise of radio, television and music hall in an emerging consumer society.

Frequently asked questions

Fernand Raynaud (1926-1973) was one of the most popular comedians of the Trente Glorieuses (France's postwar boom years). What's important to remember is that he invented a style of performance in which a single artist holds the stage, blending sketches, monologues and characters. Before him, comedy relied mainly on duos or revues. He established the one-man-show in its French form, performing in the greatest music halls such as the Olympia and on the newly born medium of television. More than a simple funnyman, he was a true showman who left his mark on the history of popular comedy.

Famous Quotes

« Le 22 à Asnières»
« It used to pay, but it doesn't anymore»
« There's some kind of flaw»

Key Facts

  • Born on 19 May 1926 in Clermont-Ferrand into a modest family
  • Broke through in the Paris cabarets in the early 1950s and became a music-hall star
  • Popularised the sketch “Le 22 à Asnières”, a satire of the slow telephone service, during the 1950s and 1960s
  • Created iconic characters and catchphrases such as “It used to pay” and the “cannon barrel”
  • Died on 28 September 1973 in a car accident near Toulouse, aged 47

Works & Achievements

Le 22 à Asnières (1950s)

A cult comedy sketch about telephone breakdowns, whose title became a proverbial French expression.

Ça eut payé (1950s-1960s)

The monologue of a nostalgic peasant whose catchphrase entered everyday French speech.

Bourreau d'enfants (1950s)

A tender sketch featuring a naive character, one of his best-loved by audiences.

Le fût du canon (1960s)

A comic sketch built on misunderstandings and absurd repetitions, typical of his style.

Les Croissants (1960s)

A sketch based on repetition and misunderstanding, which became a classic of popular comedy.

Heureux ! (1975 (posthumous))

An autobiography recounting his childhood in Auvergne and his rise in the world of show business.

Enregistrements de sketches sur disque (1950s-1970s)

Numerous LP records that spread his humor into every French household.

Anecdotes

Fernand Raynaud was born in Clermont-Ferrand in 1926 into a modest family; his father ran a café. Before making it big, he worked a thousand odd jobs, including candy seller and messenger, before heading up to Paris to try his luck in the music hall.

His most famous sketch, “Le 22 à Asnières,” pokes fun at the sluggishness of the telephone system in the 1950s: a man can never manage to get his call connected and ends up running all the way to Asnières himself. The phrase became proverbial for describing a convoluted procedure.

In the sketch “Ça eut payé,” a peasant explains that working the land “used to pay” in the old days but that “it doesn't pay anymore” today. The line entered everyday speech as a nostalgic way to evoke an activity that has become barely profitable.

A lover of speed and beautiful cars, Fernand Raynaud met his death on 28 September 1973 in a road accident near Clermont-Ferrand, at just 47 years old, while he was at the peak of his popularity.

His recurring character, a naïve fellow wearing a beret and a big red nose in “Bourreau d'enfants,” embodied the average Frenchman—tender and a bit dim—in whom the whole audience could recognize itself.

Primary Sources

Sketch “Le 22 à Asnières” (Number 22 in Asnières) (1950s)
“Hello, is this number 22 in Asnières?… What? I can hardly hear you!”
Sketch “Ça eut payé” (It Used to Pay) (1950s-1960s)
“Culture, let me tell you: it used to pay, but it doesn't pay anymore.”
Fernand Raynaud, “Heureux!” (Happy!, autobiography) (1975 (posthumous))
An account of his childhood in Clermont-Ferrand and his difficult beginnings in show business before finding fame in Paris.
Sketch “Le fût du canon” (The Cannon Barrel) (1960s)
“And the barrel of the cannon… the cannon barrel, that's where you put the powder!”

Key Places

Clermont-Ferrand

Fernand Raynaud's birthplace, in Auvergne, where he grew up in the café run by his father. He often returned there and met his death there in 1973.

Paris

The capital where he made his debut in the cabarets of the Left Bank and then triumphed in the great music halls. The heart of his career as a comedian.

Olympia (Paris)

The legendary Parisian music-hall venue where Fernand Raynaud enjoyed his greatest triumphs on stage. The crowning of his national fame.

Asnières-sur-Seine

A town in the Paris suburbs made famous by his sketch “Le 22 à Asnières” (Number 22 at Asnières). It became a popular nod to his humor.

Route de la mort près de Clermont-Ferrand

It was on a road in the Puy-de-Dôme that Fernand Raynaud was killed in a car crash on 28 September 1973. His sudden death shocked all of France.

See also