Freddie Hubbard(1938 — 2008)
Freddie Hubbard
États-Unis
5 min read
Freddie Hubbard (1938-2008) was an American jazz trumpeter, one of the major figures of hard bop. Blessed with a brilliant technique and a dazzling sound, he left his mark on the 1960s and 1970s before broadening his style toward jazz fusion.
Frequently asked questions
Key Facts
- Born on April 7, 1938, in Indianapolis (Indiana), died on December 29, 2008, in Sherman Oaks (California).
- Member of Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers in the early 1960s, a benchmark school of hard bop.
- Took part in landmark avant-garde albums: Ornette Coleman's 'Free Jazz' (1960), Eric Dolphy's 'Out to Lunch' (1964), John Coltrane's 'Ascension' (1965), and Herbie Hancock's 'Maiden Voyage' (1965).
- Recorded as a leader for Blue Note ('Open Sesame', 1960; 'Ready for Freddie', 1961; 'Hub-Tones', 1962).
- Won a Grammy Award for the album 'First Light' (1972), during his shift toward jazz fusion at CTI Records.
Works & Achievements
Hubbard's first album as a leader, on Blue Note; at just 22, he already shows off his dazzling technique.
A revolutionary collective recording he takes part in, blending two quartets improvising at the same time.
A landmark album from his Blue Note period, surrounded by musicians like Wayne Shorter and McCoy Tyner.
Major, daring records on which Hubbard plays the trumpet, proof of his versatility.
His most famous album, blending hard bop, soul, and funk; a classic of 1970s jazz.
An album with refined orchestrations that earns him a Grammy Award.
An onstage reunion of Miles Davis's former quintet, where Hubbard takes back the role of star trumpeter.
Anecdotes
When Freddie Hubbard arrived in New York in 1958, he shared an apartment with the multi-instrumentalist Eric Dolphy. The two musicians rehearsed together for hours and pushed each other to explore new ideas, which shaped the young trumpeter.
In December 1960, at only 22, Hubbard took part in the recording of Ornette Coleman's “Free Jazz”: two quartets improvised at the same time for nearly forty minutes. It was one of the boldest experiments in the history of jazz.
Hubbard idolized the trumpeter Clifford Brown, who died in a car accident in 1956 at only 25. His brilliant, lightning-fast technique was directly inspired by his hero, whose virtuosity he dreamed of matching.
In 1961, he joined drummer Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers, a true “university of jazz” through which the greatest soloists passed. Alongside Blakey, Hubbard learned to lead a band and earned an international reputation.
In 1992, a split lip that was poorly treated became infected and severely damaged his embouchure — the lip control essential to any trumpeter. Despite years of effort, he never regained all of his former power, a tragedy for such a virtuoso.
Primary Sources
Freddie Hubbard's first album as a leader, recorded on June 19, 1960; this record already showcases the dazzling maturity of the 22-year-old trumpeter.
Album recorded in January 1970; its title track “Red Clay” became one of the most widely covered themes in soul- and funk-tinged jazz.
Hubbard often repeated that Clifford Brown was his idol and that he had first tried to reproduce his playing before finding his own voice.
Key Places
City in Indiana where Freddie Hubbard was born in 1938 and took his first steps as a musician.
The world capital of jazz, where Hubbard settled in 1958 and launched his career in the clubs and studios.
New Jersey studio where engineer Rudy Van Gelder recorded much of Hubbard's Blue Note output.
Los Angeles neighborhood where Hubbard, settled on the West Coast, died in December 2008.
