Marlon Brando(1924 — 2004)

Marlon Brando

États-Unis

6 min read

Performing ArtsActeur/triceRéalisateur/trice20th CenturyHollywood and post-war American cinema through the end of the twentieth century, marked by the rise of the Actors Studio and the New Hollywood

Marlon Brando (1924-2004) was an American actor and director regarded as one of the most influential figures in twentieth-century cinema. A leading exponent of the Actors Studio's “Method,” he revolutionized acting through his naturalism and intensity.

Frequently asked questions

Marlon Brando (1924-2004) was far more than a movie star: he transformed the very way of acting. The key thing to remember is that he brought the “Method” of the Actors Studio to prominence, a technique in which the actor draws on their own emotions to embody a character. Picture acting of raw authenticity, with natural gestures and silences heavy with meaning, the opposite of the grand theatrical gestures of earlier times. His role as Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire (1947 on stage, 1951 on screen) stunned audiences: Brando yelled, sweated, and stammered, giving the impression he wasn't acting at all. This naturalism paved the way for actors like Robert De Niro and Al Pacino.

Key Facts

  • Born on April 3, 1924, in Omaha, Nebraska, and died on July 1, 2004, in Los Angeles
  • Came to prominence in 1951 as Stanley Kowalski in Elia Kazan's “A Streetcar Named Desire”
  • Academy Award for Best Actor in 1955 for “On the Waterfront”
  • A second Oscar in 1973 for Coppola's “The Godfather,” which he refused as a protest against Hollywood's treatment of Native Americans
  • Iconic portrayal of Colonel Kurtz in “Apocalypse Now” (1979)

Works & Achievements

A Streetcar Named Desire (1947 (stage), 1951 (film))

As Stanley Kowalski, Brando brings a raw, instinctive style of acting that revolutionizes American theater and then cinema.

The Wild One (1953)

Brando plays a motorcycle gang leader and becomes an icon of 1950s teenage rebellion.

On the Waterfront (1954)

Elia Kazan's film about New York dockworkers earns Brando his first Academy Award for Best Actor.

Mutiny on the Bounty (1962)

A sweeping epic filmed partly in Tahiti; this shoot marks the beginning of Brando's lifelong attachment to Polynesia.

The Godfather (1972)

As the mafia patriarch Vito Corleone, Brando delivers a legendary performance and wins (but declines) a second Oscar.

Apocalypse Now (1979)

Brando plays the menacing Colonel Kurtz in this landmark New Hollywood film about the Vietnam War.

Anecdotes

At the 1973 Academy Awards ceremony, Marlon Brando won the Oscar for Best Actor for *The Godfather*, but he refused to come and collect it. In his place, he sent Sacheen Littlefeather, a Native American activist, who declined the award on stage to protest the way Hollywood treated Indigenous peoples. It is one of the most famous political gestures in the history of cinema.

To play the elderly mafia godfather Vito Corleone when he was only 47, Brando stuffed cotton into his cheeks during the screen test (and later wore a dental prosthesis during filming) to give himself a drooping bulldog face and a hushed, muffled voice. Director **Francis Ford Coppola** had to insist with the studio, which did not want Brando, considering him too difficult.

In *On the Waterfront* (1954), Brando improvised one of the most quoted lines in American cinema: “I coulda been a contender,” spoken in a taxi facing his brother. This scene, played with restraint and contained emotion, became the symbol of the new “naturalistic” acting style that he embodied.

Fascinated by Polynesia after filming *Mutiny on the Bounty* in Tahiti (1962), Brando bought the atoll of Tetiaroa, off the coast of Tahiti, in 1966. He dreamed of turning it into a protected, ecological place, and stayed there regularly, far from Hollywood.

Deeply committed, Brando took part in the 1963 March on Washington for civil rights alongside **Martin Luther King**, then actively supported Native American struggles. He even risked his star image to defend political causes, which was rare for an actor of his level of fame.

Primary Sources

On the Waterfront, line delivered by Terry Malloy (1954)
“I coulda had class. I coulda been a contender. I coulda been somebody, instead of a bum, which is what I am.”
Songs My Mother Taught Me, Marlon Brando's autobiography (1994)
In it, Brando recounts his difficult childhood in Nebraska, his alcoholic mother who was passionate about theater, and his discovery of acting in New York.
Sacheen Littlefeather's speech at the Oscars, on behalf of Marlon Brando (March 27, 1973)
She announced that Brando “very regretfully cannot accept this very generous award” because of the treatment of Native Americans by the film industry.
A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams, the role of Stanley Kowalski (1947 (stage) / 1951 (film))
The anguished cry of “Stella!” shouted by Stanley at the foot of the stairs became one of the most imitated scenes in American theater and film.

Key Places

Omaha, Nebraska (United States)

Marlon Brando's birthplace, in the heart of the American plains, where he spent a childhood marked by family difficulties.

Actors Studio, New York

The legendary place where Brando trained in the acting “Method.” It was here that the naturalistic style that would make him famous took shape.

Broadway, New York

New York's theater district where Brando triumphed in 1947 in “A Streetcar Named Desire,” revealing his immense talent.

Hollywood, Los Angeles (California)

The world capital of cinema where Brando shot his greatest films and became a legend of the big screen.

Tetiaroa Atoll, French Polynesia

A small atoll off the coast of Tahiti that Brando bought in 1966, captivated by Polynesia. He made it his refuge far from fame.

See also