Born on November 22

The last queen of Madagascar, Ranavalona III ruled the Merina Kingdom from 1883 to 1897. Despite her diplomatic resistance, she was unable to prevent French colonization. Deposed and exiled, she died in Algiers in 1917, a symbol of lost Malagasy sovereignty.

French writer, a major figure of 20th-century literature and co-founder of La Nouvelle Revue française. His work explores sincerity, morality, and individual emancipation. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1947.

French military officer and statesman (1890–1970), leader of the French Resistance during World War II and founder of the Fifth Republic. A defining figure of the 20th century, he shaped French history through his unwavering commitment to national independence and the greatness of France.

American mathematician and aerospace engineer, Mary Jackson was the first Black female engineer at NASA. A member of the “Hidden Figures,” she contributed to the calculations for the first American space missions and fought for equal rights within the agency.

Billie Jean King is an American tennis player, one of the greatest champions in the history of the sport. A pioneer of gender equality in sports, she won 39 Grand Slam titles and founded the first professional women players' association.

An American-Danish actress and singer born in 1984 in New York, Scarlett Johansson established herself in the 2000s as one of Hollywood's most influential actresses. She is also a producer and an advocate for feminist causes.