Born on November 7

Polish-born French physicist and chemist (1867–1934). A pioneer in the study of radioactivity, she was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize and the only person to receive two Nobel Prizes in different scientific fields. Her discoveries revolutionized modern physics and chemistry.

Russian revolutionary, Marxist theorist, and organizer of the Red Army, Leon Trotsky was one of the chief architects of the October Revolution of 1917 alongside Lenin. Ousted from power by Stalin and later exiled, he continued his political struggle until his assassination in Mexico City in 1940.

French writer, philosopher, and journalist (1913–1960), Albert Camus is one of the major figures of 20th-century literature. Author of The Stranger and The Plague, he developed a philosophy of the absurd and received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957.

Joan Sutherland (1926-2010) was an Australian soprano regarded as one of the greatest lyric voices of the 20th century. Nicknamed “La Stupenda”, she was celebrated for her interpretations of the bel canto repertoire of Donizetti, Bellini, and Verdi.

Canadian singer-songwriter and painter born in 1943, Joni Mitchell is one of the central figures of folk-rock and jazz fusion. Her album *Blue* (1971) is considered one of the greatest albums in the history of popular music.