Portrait de Donna Strickland

Donna Strickland

Donna Strickland

1959 — ?

Canada

SciencesScientifiqueInventeur/trice20th Century

Émotions disponibles (6)

N

Neutre

par défaut

I

Inspirée

P

Pensive

S

Surprise

T

Triste

F

Fière

Key Facts

    Works & Achievements

    Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) (1985)

    Revolutionary technique invented with Gérard Mourou enabling the production of ultrashort laser pulses of unprecedented intensity. It forms the basis of LASIK surgery, cancer treatment, and numerous industrial applications.

    Founding paper: 'Compression of amplified chirped optical pulses' (Optics Communications) (1985)

    Scientific publication stemming from Strickland's doctoral thesis, co-authored with Mourou, which lays the theoretical and experimental foundations of CPA. One of the most cited papers in laser physics.

    Development of femtosecond pulse lasers (1989-2000)

    Strickland contributes to the rise of lasers capable of producing pulses on the order of a femtosecond (10⁻¹⁵ second), opening the way to ultrafast chemistry and precision medical imaging.

    Nobel Prize in Physics (2018)

    The highest honor in physics, awarded to Strickland for her foundational role in the development of CPA. She is the first woman to receive this prize in 55 years.

    Research on fiber lasers for biomedical applications (2000-present)

    At the University of Waterloo, Strickland leads research on ultrashort lasers applied to biological tissue surgery, particularly for the treatment of the retina and cornea.

    Anecdotes

    In 2018, Donna Strickland became the third woman in history to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics, 55 years after Maria Goeppert Mayer. When the news was announced to her by phone, she jokingly replied that she first had to check it wasn't a prank. Her spontaneous, laid-back reaction made headlines around the world.

    Before the Nobel announcement, a Wikipedia contributor had attempted to create a dedicated page for Donna Strickland, but the request was rejected by moderators who deemed the researcher not sufficiently 'notable'. A few months later, following the Nobel Prize award, the page was hastily created, highlighting how women scientists are often underrepresented in reference sources.

    The revolutionary chirped pulse amplification (CPA) technique that Donna Strickland developed with Gérard Mourou in the 1980s gave rise to laser eye surgery (LASIK), performed on millions of people every year. Strickland herself only discovered this medical application of her work years after its publication.

    When Donna Strickland joined the University of Waterloo after her doctorate, she held the position of associate professor rather than full professor — a fact that surprised many observers once the Nobel was awarded. She admitted she had never applied for a higher-ranking position, preferring to focus on her research without worrying about academic hierarchies.

    Donna Strickland shares the 2018 Nobel Prize with her doctoral supervisor Gérard Mourou, an exceptionally rare occurrence in the history of science. The landmark paper describing their discovery, published in 1985, was drawn directly from Strickland's doctoral thesis — proof that a student's work can change the course of physics worldwide.

    Primary Sources

    Compression of amplified chirped optical pulses (1985)
    We have demonstrated the compression of amplified chirped optical pulses. Amplification of the pulse was achieved by means of a grating pair expander, a Nd:glass amplifier chain, and a grating pair compressor.
    Nobel Lecture: Generating High-Intensity Ultrashort Optical Pulses (2018)
    The field of ultrafast science has been transformed by the development of sources that generate ultrashort, high-intensity laser pulses. This was made possible by the technique of chirped pulse amplification.
    Interview given to the University of Waterloo after the Nobel announcement (October 2018)
    I thought it was really exciting that we were able to use these short pulses to do interesting things in science. I never really thought it would lead somewhere like this.
    Development of ultrashort pulse lasers — doctoral thesis report, University of Rochester (1989)
    The developed system enables the amplification of light pulses without damaging the amplifying material, by temporally stretching the pulse before amplification and then recompressing it.

    Key Places

    Guelph, Ontario, Canada

    Donna Strickland's hometown, where she grew up and developed her interest in science. This university city in southern Ontario is known for its university and scientific vitality.

    McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario

    University where Strickland completed her undergraduate studies in engineering physics (1977–1981), laying the foundations of her training in optics and applied physics.

    University of Rochester, New York, United States

    Optics laboratory (The Institute of Optics) where Strickland completed her doctorate under the supervision of Gérard Mourou and developed the CPA technique between 1983 and 1989.

    University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

    Canadian university where Donna Strickland has been a professor since 1997 and conducts her research on ultrafast lasers. It is here that she learned of the Nobel Prize award in 2018.

    Stockholm, Sweden

    City where the Nobel Prize award ceremony is held every year in December. It is here that Donna Strickland received her Nobel medal and diploma in December 2018.

    Typical Objects

    Optical diffraction grating

    A key component of the CPA technique, the diffraction grating stretches and then recompresses light pulses. Strickland uses it to separate the wavelengths of a laser, making amplification possible without destroying the material.

    Nd:YAG laser (neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminium garnet)

    Type of laser used in Strickland and Mourou's experiments to amplify ultrashort pulses. This synthetic crystal is at the heart of the high-power laser systems developed in the 1980s.

    Oscilloscope and photodiode detector

    Essential measuring instruments in Strickland's laboratory for characterizing the duration and shape of laser pulses. They allow verification that temporal compression is being carried out correctly.

    Lab coat and laser safety goggles

    Mandatory safety equipment in laser physics laboratories, where intense beams can cause irreversible eye injuries. Symbols of the daily life of an experimental physicist.

    Scientific paper (Optics Communications, 1985)

    The publication of the landmark paper on CPA is the central object of Strickland's career. This document of a few pages transformed laser physics and paved the way for medical and industrial applications worldwide.

    Vibration-isolated optical bench

    A heavy table suspended on an air cushion used in laser laboratories to prevent the slightest vibrations from disturbing beam alignment. An everyday tool for the researcher in her precision experiments.

    School Curriculum

    LycéePhysique-Chimie

    Vocabulary & Tags

    Key Vocabulary

    Tags

    Donna StricklandsciencesscientifiqueScientifiqueinventeurInventeurfeminismeFéminisme, droits des femmes

    Daily Life

    Morning

    Donna Strickland starts her day early, often checking the latest preprints on arXiv before heading to the university. She has a coffee while reviewing the results of experiments conducted the previous day by her students. Mornings are dedicated to group meetings and scientific discussions with her doctoral students.

    Afternoon

    In the afternoon, she spends long hours in the laboratory, supervising optical alignments and data acquisitions. She attends physics seminars or teaches her undergraduate and graduate courses. Reviewing articles submitted to scientific journals also takes up a significant part of her time.

    Evening

    In the evening, Donna Strickland enjoys unwinding by cooking for her family and engaging in sports activities. She regularly reads popular science books and novels. She is known for her sense of humor and conviviality at team dinners and international conferences.

    Food

    Typically North American diet — balanced and practical, suited to the pace of an active researcher. She enjoys shared family meals and informal lunches with colleagues in the university cafeteria. Little formalism at the table, with the emphasis on conviviality.

    Clothing

    Donna Strickland dresses simply and functionally: plain sweater or shirt, comfortable trousers, a lab coat when working with lasers. She places no particular importance on appearance, something she acknowledges with humor in interviews. At official ceremonies, she wears elegant but understated outfits.

    Housing

    She lives with her family in a residential suburban house near Waterloo, Ontario. The setting is typical of Canadian university towns: a detached house with a garden, in a quiet and leafy neighborhood. Her home is a few kilometers from campus, which she sometimes reaches by bicycle.

    Historical Timeline

    1959Naissance de Donna Strickland à Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
    1981Donna Strickland obtient son bachelor en génie physique à l'Université McMaster (Hamilton, Canada).
    1983Elle rejoint le laboratoire de Gérard Mourou à l'Université de Rochester (États-Unis) pour son doctorat.
    1985Publication de l'article fondateur sur l'amplification par dérive de fréquence (CPA) avec Gérard Mourou dans la revue Optics Communications.
    1989Donna Strickland obtient son doctorat en optique de l'Université de Rochester.
    1989Première application médicale de la CPA : les lasers ultrabrefs commencent à être utilisés en chirurgie oculaire (précurseur du LASIK).
    1997Elle rejoint le département de physique et d'astronomie de l'Université de Waterloo (Canada), où elle fera toute sa carrière.
    2000Les lasers CPA deviennent un outil standard dans les centres de recherche en physique des plasmas et en médecine à travers le monde.
    2008Le laser LASIK utilisant la CPA est pratiqué sur plus de 10 millions de patients par an dans le monde.
    2018Donna Strickland reçoit le prix Nobel de physique, partagé avec Gérard Mourou et Arthur Ashkin, pour le développement de la CPA.
    2018Elle devient la troisième femme lauréate du Nobel de physique après Marie Curie (1903) et Maria Goeppert Mayer (1963).
    2023Les lasers ultrabrefs issus de la CPA sont utilisés dans le traitement du cancer, la microchirurgie et la fabrication de semi-conducteurs.

    Period Vocabulary

    Ultrashort pulseA burst of laser light lasting less than a picosecond (10⁻¹² second), or even a femtosecond. These pulses allow observation and interaction with matter at extremely short timescales.
    Chirped pulse amplification (CPA)Technique invented by Strickland and Mourou consisting of temporally stretching a laser pulse before amplifying it, then recompressing it, thereby avoiding the destruction of the amplifying material.
    FemtosecondUnit of time equal to 10⁻¹⁵ second (one millionth of a billionth of a second). Femtosecond lasers produced using CPA enable highly precise medical and industrial applications.
    Diffraction gratingAn optical component engraved with fine parallel grooves that separate light according to its wavelengths, like a very precise prism. A central element of the CPA system for stretching and recompressing laser pulses.
    LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis)A refractive eye surgery technique using ultrashort lasers to reshape the cornea and correct myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Made possible by the discovery of CPA.
    Nonlinear opticsBranch of physics studying the behavior of light in materials when the light intensity is very high. Strickland's lasers operate in this regime, enabling unprecedented light-matter interactions.
    Nobel Prize in PhysicsThe world's most prestigious scientific prize, awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for a fundamental discovery in physics. Donna Strickland received it in 2018 for CPA.
    Laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)A source of coherent, monochromatic light produced by stimulated emission. The laser is the central tool of Strickland's research and of much of modern experimental physics.
    PlasmaA state of matter consisting of ionized particles, produced in particular by ultra-intense lasers. The study of plasma is one of the major scientific applications of CPA lasers developed by Strickland.
    Doctoral thesisAn original research work spanning several years, conducted under the supervision of an advisor, culminating in the publication of a novel contribution to science. Strickland's thesis is directly at the origin of her Nobel Prize.

    Gallery

    Research Studies on Indian Language Wikimedia Projects

    Research Studies on Indian Language Wikimedia Projects

    Disputes and their Resolution -- ProfGray WCNA 2024 with sources

    Disputes and their Resolution -- ProfGray WCNA 2024 with sources

    Ultrafast laser group

    Ultrafast laser group

    Donna Strickland EM1B5749 (46183561812)

    Donna Strickland EM1B5749 (46183561812)

    Donna Strickland EM1B5760 (46183560632)

    Donna Strickland EM1B5760 (46183560632)

    Donna Strickland EM1B5760 (46183560632) (cropped)

    Donna Strickland EM1B5760 (46183560632) (cropped)

    Ecole polytechnique - 49578486041

    Ecole polytechnique - 49578486041

    Donna Strickland, OSA Holiday Party 2012

    Donna Strickland, OSA Holiday Party 2012

    Donna Strickland speaking at OSA's Leadership meeting in 2013

    Donna Strickland speaking at OSA's Leadership meeting in 2013

    Donna Strickland and Steve Chu

    Donna Strickland and Steve Chu

    Visual Style

    Esthétique de laboratoire universitaire nord-américain : blanc immaculé, équipements optiques métalliques, faisceaux laser colorés, tableaux couverts d'équations et lumière naturelle du campus ontarien.

    #E8F4FD
    #1A6B9A
    #2ECC71
    #C0392B
    #7F8C8D
    AI Prompt
    University physics laboratory in 1980s-2000s Canada, ultra-clean white walls, polished optical tables with silver and black laser components, intricate arrangements of mirrors and lenses on vibration-isolated benches, green and red laser beams caught in photographs, technical posters and equations on walls, university campus background with brutalist architecture, professional portrait in academic setting, warm natural Ontario light through large windows, scientific precision aesthetic

    Sound Ambience

    L'univers sonore de Donna Strickland est celui d'un laboratoire de physique expérimentale : bourdonnement des systèmes de refroidissement, cliquetis des montures optiques, bips des instruments de mesure et murmures des échanges entre chercheurs.

    AI Prompt
    Physics laser laboratory ambiance: low-frequency hum of cooling systems, high-pitched whine of vacuum pumps, soft electronic beeps from measurement instruments, occasional metallic click of optical mounts being adjusted, distant ventilation noise, keyboard typing, colleagues speaking quietly in a bright white room with reflective surfaces, subtle resonance of optical tables, faint buzz of fluorescent lighting overhead

    Portrait Source

    Wikimedia Commons — CC BY 2.0 — Bengt Nyman from Vaxholm, Sweden — 2018

    Aller plus loin

    Œuvres

    Amplification par dérive de fréquence (Chirped Pulse Amplification — CPA)

    1985

    Article fondateur : 'Compression of amplified chirped optical pulses' (Optics Communications)

    1985

    Développement des lasers à impulsions femtosecondes

    1989-2000

    Recherches sur les lasers à fibre pour applications biomédicales

    2000-présent