A. Philip Randolph’s menu
Wakefulness beverage—the companion of long working hours

Black Coffee of Late-Night Labor

DrinkDocumentedfacile10 min

A black, strong coffee, sometimes stretched with a little chicory in the Southern style, drunk unceremoniously during long nights of writing and organizing.

Why this dish? His file states clearly: water was his usual drink, but 'coffee and tea were his companions of late-night work.' Randolph edited the radical magazine *The Messenger* with Chandler Owen and organized his union during endless evenings: this strong black coffee is literally the fuel of his activism.
What would you have, the work does not get done in one's sleep. Many an evening, while the columns of *The Messenger* remained to be written and the porters counted on me, it was a simple cup of black coffee that kept me awake and clear-headed. I took it strong, sometimes laced with a hint of chicory as they do in the South, and without superfluous sugar—my table was always sober. Know that a cause is also served by lamplight, a cup within reach, long after the city has gone to sleep.
A. Philip Randolph
Ingredients
  • Ground coffeeone heaping spoonful per cup (base)
  • Roasted chicory roota little (optional) (Southern bitterness)
  • Waterone cup per person (infusion)
How it was made : Coffee with chicory, inherited from Louisiana and periods of shortage when coffee was stretched with roasted root, was common in the South. In militant 1920s–1960s Harlem, coffee was the fuel of union offices and newsrooms.
Sources : Jeffrey B. Perry, et travaux historiques sur The Messenger (Randolph & Owen, 1917-1928)