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Portrait de Nadine Gordimer

Nadine Gordimer

Nadine Gordimer

1923 — 2014

Afrique du Sud

LiteratureÉcrivain(e)20th Century

Émotions disponibles (6)

N

Neutre

par défaut

I

Inspirée

P

Pensive

S

Surprise

T

Triste

F

Fière

Key Facts

    Works & Achievements

    The Lying Days (1953)

    Gordimer's first novel, autobiographical in nature, following the political awakening of a young white woman confronted with the absurdities of segregated South African society.

    A World of Strangers (1958)

    A novel banned in South Africa for 12 years due to its portrayal of friendly relations between white and black people, a taboo under apartheid.

    The Conservationist (1974)

    Co-winner of the Booker Prize, this novel explores the psychology of a white landowner who refuses to acknowledge the inevitable collapse of white power in South Africa.

    Burger's Daughter (1979)

    A masterpiece censored upon publication, it tells the story of the daughter of an imprisoned white communist activist, torn between her own life and her father's political legacy.

    July's People (1981)

    A dystopian novel imagining the collapse of the white regime, in which a bourgeois white family finds itself dependent on their former black servant for survival.

    None to Accompany Me (1994)

    Published in the year of the first free elections, this novel examines new identities and the rebuilding of a post-apartheid society, between hope and disillusionment.

    The House Gun (1998)

    Set in democratic South Africa, this novel explores everyday violence and rising crime as the psychological aftermath of decades of apartheid.

    Anecdotes

    At the age of 9, Nadine Gordimer was taken out of school by her mother under the pretense of a heart condition, most likely fabricated. Isolated at home for years, she found refuge in reading and writing, publishing her first short story at just 15 in a South African children's magazine.

    Several of her novels were banned in South Africa by the apartheid regime, including 'A World of Strangers' (1958) and 'Burger's Daughter' (1979). The latter was censored just a few months after its publication, sparking an international scandal that paradoxically ensured its worldwide distribution.

    In 1991, upon learning she had been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, Nadine Gordimer announced it first to her housekeeper. She stated that this Black woman, who had shared her daily life for decades, deserved to be the first to know — a powerful symbolic gesture in a country still emerging from apartheid.

    Nadine Gordimer was a close friend of Nelson Mandela and helped him draft his famous defence speech at the Rivonia Trial in 1964, which concluded with the words 'It is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.' She campaigned throughout her life within the ANC, at the risk of her own freedom.

    After the abolition of apartheid in 1994, Gordimer continued to write with commitment about the new inequalities of post-apartheid South Africa, corruption, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic. She refused to fall silent once democracy had been achieved, believing that the struggle for social justice was never-ending.

    Primary Sources

    Nobel Prize in Literature acceptance speech (1991)
    "The writer is always seeking what humanity is in its complexity, beyond what society permits to be expressed."
    Burger's Daughter (1979)
    "I am the daughter of Burger. There can be no other definition of myself than that, at this moment of my life."
    Interview with The Paris Review (1983)
    "Apartheid deformed all of us, White and Black. It created human beings who should never have existed in that form."
    July's People (1981)
    "What did she know of him? After fifteen years, he remained at a certain distance — the distance that everything kept between them."
    Open letter against censorship, published in The Classic (1968)
    "A writer censored in his own country is not only wounded in his freedom of expression; it is the very reality of his people that is denied."

    Key Places

    Springs, Gauteng, South Africa

    Mining town where Nadine Gordimer was born in 1923. This community of white settlers living above the gold mines forms the backdrop for her earliest observations on racial segregation.

    Johannesburg, South Africa

    City where Gordimer spent most of her adult life. The cosmopolitan and segregated metropolis of Johannesburg is the beating heart of most of her novels.

    Soweto, black township of Johannesburg

    Township where millions of Black South Africans lived under apartheid. Gordimer visited friends and activists there, feeding her literary testimony with the reality of segregation.

    Stockholm, Sweden

    City where Gordimer received the Nobel Prize in Literature in December 1991, before an international audience. Her speech emphasised the moral role of the writer in the face of injustice.

    Robben Island, Cape Town

    Prison island where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 18 years. Gordimer, who was close to Mandela, evoked this place in her work as a symbol of resistance to oppression.

    Typical Objects

    Typewriter then computer

    Gordimer wrote daily on a typewriter and later on a computer. Writing was for her a daily discipline and an act of political resistance.

    Banned books

    Several of her own novels appeared on lists of works censored by the apartheid regime, symbols of the power of literature in the face of oppression.

    ANC membership card

    Gordimer was active within the African National Congress (ANC), Mandela's anti-apartheid movement, at a time when such membership was illegal and dangerous for a white person.

    Press archives

    She collected newspaper clippings and police reports on human rights violations, the documentary raw material for her politically engaged novels.

    Notebooks

    Gordimer kept notebooks of observations on daily life in Johannesburg, recording the social and racial contradictions that fuelled her realist writing.

    Nobel Prize in Literature

    Received in 1991, this prize recognized a body of work inseparable from the struggle against apartheid, making Gordimer a global voice for human rights.

    School Curriculum

    LycéeAnglais

    Vocabulary & Tags

    Key Vocabulary

    Tags

    Nadine GordimerlettresecrivainÉcrivaindroits-de-l-hommeDroits de l'Homme, droits civiquesdecolonisationDécolonisation

    Daily Life

    Morning

    Nadine Gordimer rose early in her Johannesburg home and dedicated the first hours of the morning to writing, considering this time to be the most intellectually fertile. She worked with discipline, often for several hours at a stretch, before social and political obligations began.

    Afternoon

    The afternoon was often devoted to meetings with ANC activists, intellectuals, and journalists, sometimes clandestinely at a time when such gatherings were illegal. She read extensively — world literature, philosophy, political reports — to fuel her writing.

    Evening

    Gordimer's evenings frequently unfolded at dinners with artist friends, writers, and academics of all races in her Johannesburg living room — a transgressive act in itself in apartheid South Africa, where social mixing across racial lines was illegal.

    Food

    Gordimer led a typically bourgeois life common among wealthy white South Africans, with a varied home-cooked diet that included Ashkenazi Jewish influences inherited from her parents. She regularly hosted dinner parties, the table serving as a space for intellectual and political sociability.

    Clothing

    Gordimer dressed with simple, unpretentious elegance, reflecting her identity as an intellectually engaged woman rather than a socialite. Her understated, neat attire matched the image of a serious writer, far removed from the conventions of white South African high society.

    Housing

    She lived for decades in a comfortable house in the affluent Parktown neighbourhood of Johannesburg, surrounded by books and African artworks. This home, with its garden, was both her writing retreat and a space of resistance where she organised illegal mixed-race gatherings.

    Historical Timeline

    1923Naissance de Nadine Gordimer à Springs, ville minière près de Johannesburg, en Afrique du Sud, de parents immigrés juifs d'Europe.
    1948Le Parti national afrikaner remporte les élections en Afrique du Sud et institutionnalise l'apartheid comme système de ségrégation raciale légale.
    1953Publication de son premier roman 'The Lying Days', qui explore la prise de conscience politique d'une jeune femme blanche en Afrique du Sud.
    1958Son roman 'Un monde d'étrangers' est interdit par le gouvernement sud-africain pour sa représentation des relations interraciales.
    1960Massacre de Sharpeville : la police sud-africaine tire sur des manifestants noirs, faisant 69 morts. L'ANC est interdite.
    1964Procès de Rivonia : Nelson Mandela et ses camarades de l'ANC sont condamnés à la prison à vie. Gordimer les soutient activement.
    1974Gordimer reçoit le prix Booker pour 'The Conservationist', roman sur un propriétaire blanc refusant de voir la fin du système blanc en Afrique du Sud.
    1979'Fille de Burger' est censuré en Afrique du Sud quelques semaines après sa publication, soulevant une vague de protestations internationales.
    1981Publication de 'July's People', vision dystopique d'une Afrique du Sud après une révolution noire, livre classé comme dangereux par le gouvernement.
    1985Le gouvernement sud-africain instaure l'état d'urgence; les tensions s'intensifient à l'intérieur et les pressions internationales (sanctions) s'accentuent.
    1990Libération de Nelson Mandela après 27 ans d'emprisonnement; l'ANC est légalisée, début de la fin de l'apartheid.
    1991Nadine Gordimer reçoit le prix Nobel de littérature, consacrant une œuvre entièrement liée à la lutte contre l'apartheid et à la condition humaine.
    1994Premières élections multiraciales en Afrique du Sud; Nelson Mandela élu président. Fin officielle de l'apartheid.
    2001Publication de 'The Pickup', roman sur l'immigration clandestine et les identités déracinées, montrant l'évolution de ses thèmes vers des enjeux mondiaux.
    2014Mort de Nadine Gordimer à Johannesburg, à l'âge de 90 ans, laissant une œuvre de plus de 30 livres traduits dans le monde entier.

    Period Vocabulary

    Apartheid — Afrikaans word meaning 'separation'. A legal system of racial segregation enforced in South Africa from 1948 to 1991, organising discrimination of the Black majority by the white minority.
    Township — Peripheral residential area reserved for non-white populations under apartheid. These overcrowded and impoverished neighbourhoods, such as Soweto, stood in stark contrast to the affluent suburbs reserved for white residents.
    ANC (African National Congress) — The principal movement of resistance against apartheid, founded in 1912 and banned in South Africa from 1960 to 1990. Gordimer was a clandestine member.
    Pass Laws — A system of mandatory documents that Black South Africans were required to carry at all times in order to move through 'white' areas. Failure to produce a pass resulted in immediate arrest.
    Bantustan — Autonomous territories created by the apartheid government to 'regroup' Black populations according to their ethnicity. These pseudo-states served to strip Black South Africans of their citizenship.
    Immorality Act — A South African law passed in 1950 prohibiting sexual relations and marriage between people of different races. Repealed in 1985, it illustrates the regime's racial obsession.
    Veld (or veldt) — Afrikaans word referring to the vast grassy and shrubby plains typical of the South African plateau (Highveld). This landscape is ever-present in the mental geography of Gordimer's work.
    State of Emergency — An exceptional legal regime declared several times by the South African government (notably 1985–1990), suspending civil rights, allowing detention without trial, and enforcing heightened censorship.
    Booker Prize — A prestigious British literary award established in 1969, recognising the best novels in English from the Commonwealth. Gordimer was awarded the prize in 1974 for 'The Conservationist'.
    International sanctions — Economic and diplomatic measures taken by numerous countries against South Africa from the 1960s–1980s to condemn apartheid, which contributed to its eventual collapse.

    Gallery

    
Annual report

    Annual report

    Nadine Gordimer

    Nadine Gordimer

    Nadine Gordimer 01

    Nadine Gordimer 01

    Nadine Gordimer 01 (cropped)

    Nadine Gordimer 01 (cropped)

    Nadine Gordimer 01 (cropped2)

    Nadine Gordimer 01 (cropped2)

    Nadine Gordimer 01 (cropped3)

    Nadine Gordimer 01 (cropped3)

    
Anales de la Sociedad CientĂ­fica Argentina

    Anales de la Sociedad CientĂ­fica Argentina

    Visual Style

    Esthétique documentaire en noir et blanc inspirée de la photographie sud-africaine des années 1950-1990, avec la lumière dorée du Highveld, l'architecture des townships et la tension visuelle entre opulence blanche et pauvreté noire.

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    AI Prompt
    Visual style inspired by apartheid-era South Africa: high-contrast black-and-white photography aesthetic reminiscent of David Goldblatt and Ernest Cole, dusty golden light of the Highveld plateau, corrugated iron townships against red earth, elegant white suburban homes with jacaranda trees in purple bloom, segregated public spaces with signs in Afrikaans and English, newsprint textures and censored newspaper columns with black redactions, muted earth tones contrasting with flashes of ANC green and gold, worn leather-bound books, and the austere interiors of apartheid-era courtrooms.

    Sound Ambience

    Ambiance sonore de Johannesburg sous l'apartheid : bruit des mines d'or, musique des townships, cliquetis d'une machine à écrire et tension sourde de la vie sous ségrégation.

    AI Prompt
    Soundscape of Johannesburg in the mid-20th century: distant rumble of gold mine machinery and shaft elevators, township music drifting through corrugated iron walls (pennywhistle jive, early mbaqanga rhythms), the clatter of a manual typewriter in a quiet study, police sirens echoing through segregated streets, the murmur of a clandestine political meeting at night, garden birds at dawn in a white suburb, crackling radio broadcasts of government announcements, and the subdued voices of domestic workers speaking Zulu or Sotho in a kitchen.

    Portrait Source

    Wikimedia Commons — CC BY 3.0 — Boberger — 2010