Nadine Gordimer(1923 — 2014)
Nadine Gordimer
Afrique du Sud
7 min read
Nadine Gordimer (1923-2014) est une romancière sud-africaine dont l'œuvre dénonce avec force le régime de l'apartheid. Prix Nobel de littérature en 1991, elle a consacré toute sa vie à défendre les droits humains et la liberté d'expression en Afrique du Sud.
Frequently asked questions
Famous Quotes
« Le pouvoir est quelque chose dont personne ne peut se débarrasser entièrement. »
« L'écriture est une façon d'être en opposition avec les forces qui oppriment. »
Key Facts
- Naissance en 1923 à Springs, en Afrique du Sud, dans une famille d'immigrés européens
- Publication de son premier roman 'The Lying Days' en 1953, marquant ses débuts littéraires
- Plusieurs de ses œuvres sont censurées par le régime de l'apartheid dans les années 1960-1970
- Attribution du Prix Nobel de littérature en 1991, en reconnaissance de son engagement et de son talent
- Membre active du Congrès national africain (ANC) et militante contre l'apartheid tout au long de sa carrière
Works & Achievements
Gordimer's first novel, autobiographical in nature, following the political awakening of a young white woman confronted with the absurdities of segregated South African society.
A novel banned in South Africa for 12 years due to its portrayal of friendly relations between white and black people, a taboo under apartheid.
Co-winner of the Booker Prize, this novel explores the psychology of a white landowner who refuses to acknowledge the inevitable collapse of white power in South Africa.
A masterpiece censored upon publication, it tells the story of the daughter of an imprisoned white communist activist, torn between her own life and her father's political legacy.
A dystopian novel imagining the collapse of the white regime, in which a bourgeois white family finds itself dependent on their former black servant for survival.
Published in the year of the first free elections, this novel examines new identities and the rebuilding of a post-apartheid society, between hope and disillusionment.
Set in democratic South Africa, this novel explores everyday violence and rising crime as the psychological aftermath of decades of apartheid.
Anecdotes
At the age of 9, Nadine Gordimer was taken out of school by her mother under the pretense of a heart condition, most likely fabricated. Isolated at home for years, she found refuge in reading and writing, publishing her first short story at just 15 in a South African children's magazine.
Several of her novels were banned in South Africa by the apartheid regime, including 'A World of Strangers' (1958) and 'Burger's Daughter' (1979). The latter was censored just a few months after its publication, sparking an international scandal that paradoxically ensured its worldwide distribution.
In 1991, upon learning she had been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, Nadine Gordimer announced it first to her housekeeper. She stated that this Black woman, who had shared her daily life for decades, deserved to be the first to know — a powerful symbolic gesture in a country still emerging from apartheid.
Nadine Gordimer was a close friend of Nelson Mandela and helped him draft his famous defence speech at the Rivonia Trial in 1964, which concluded with the words 'It is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.' She campaigned throughout her life within the ANC, at the risk of her own freedom.
After the abolition of apartheid in 1994, Gordimer continued to write with commitment about the new inequalities of post-apartheid South Africa, corruption, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic. She refused to fall silent once democracy had been achieved, believing that the struggle for social justice was never-ending.
Primary Sources
"The writer is always seeking what humanity is in its complexity, beyond what society permits to be expressed."
"I am the daughter of Burger. There can be no other definition of myself than that, at this moment of my life."
"Apartheid deformed all of us, White and Black. It created human beings who should never have existed in that form."
"What did she know of him? After fifteen years, he remained at a certain distance — the distance that everything kept between them."
"A writer censored in his own country is not only wounded in his freedom of expression; it is the very reality of his people that is denied."
Key Places
Mining town where Nadine Gordimer was born in 1923. This community of white settlers living above the gold mines forms the backdrop for her earliest observations on racial segregation.
City where Gordimer spent most of her adult life. The cosmopolitan and segregated metropolis of Johannesburg is the beating heart of most of her novels.
Township where millions of Black South Africans lived under apartheid. Gordimer visited friends and activists there, feeding her literary testimony with the reality of segregation.
City where Gordimer received the Nobel Prize in Literature in December 1991, before an international audience. Her speech emphasised the moral role of the writer in the face of injustice.
Prison island where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 18 years. Gordimer, who was close to Mandela, evoked this place in her work as a symbol of resistance to oppression.
Liens externes & ressources
Références
Œuvres
The Lying Days
1953
Un monde d'étrangers (A World of Strangers)
1958
The Conservationist
1974
Fille de Burger (Burger's Daughter)
1979
July's People
1981
None to Accompany Me
1994
The House Gun
1998
