Avicenna’s menu
zâd al-safar (travel provision)

Kâk with almonds and sesame, travel bread

TravelReconstruction🍯 🌶️facile1 h

Small rings of dry wheat dough, enriched with almonds and honey, perfumed with cinnamon and sesame. Crunchy, not fragile, they travel without damage and are dipped in tea or milk at the way station.

zâd al-safar (travel provision)

Small rings of dry wheat dough, enriched with almonds and honey, perfumed with cinnamon and sesame. Crunchy, not fragile, they travel without damage and are dipped in tea or milk at the way station.

He who travels the roads as I have knows that a man cannot feed on manuscripts. I would have a firm wheat dough kneaded with a little honey, pounded almonds, and cinnamon, shaped into rings and baked until hard. Thus dried, they do not spoil for weeks and sustain the traveler from Bukhara to Hamadan. A little sesame on top, and one breaks the journey's fast without weighing on the stomach.
Avicenna
Ingredients
  • Wheat flourtwo large bowls (base of travel bread)
  • Pounded almondsa handful (richness, energy)
  • Honeyone spoonful (sweetness, preservation)
  • Cinnamon and a little cardamomto taste (travel spices)
  • Sesame seedsa handful (crunchy decoration)
  • Oil and rose watera little (binder, perfume)
How it was made : Kâk (dry dough rings) appears throughout the medieval Islamic world as travel and provision food, precisely because its low moisture content makes it resistant to rancidity. It was soaked to soften at the way station.
Sources : Ibn Sayyār al-Warrāq, Kitāb al-Tabīkh (10th century) · Nawal Nasrallah, Annals of the Caliphs' Kitchens (2007)

See also