Sophocles’s menu
Drink-porridge of the symposion and warm afternoons

Barley Kykeon with Honey

DrinkDocumented🍯 🧂facile15 min

A thick drink, halfway between a beverage and a light porridge: toasted barley flour stirred into water (or a little diluted wine), flavored with honey and herbs. Refreshing in summer, comforting in winter.

Drink-porridge of the symposion and warm afternoons

A thick drink, halfway between a beverage and a light porridge: toasted barley flour stirred into water (or a little diluted wine), flavored with honey and herbs. Refreshing in summer, comforting in winter.

When the Attic sun beats down and the throat dries between two passages of the chorus, I do not ask for pure wine — that is for barbarians and drunkards. I ask for kykeon: toasted barley mixed with cool water, a finger of honey, a leaf of mint or pennyroyal. Homer already made his heroes drink it to restore their strength; what was good for Nestor is still good for the weary poet. Drink it slowly, stir the bottom well, and you will feel the breath return needed to hold on until the last verse.
Sophocles
Ingredients
  • Toasted barley flour (alphita)a spoonful (nourishing base)
  • Cool water (or wine mixed with water)a cup (liquid)
  • Honeya finger (sweetness)
  • Pennyroyal or minta leaf (aromatic)
  • Salta pinch (balance)
How it was made : Kykeon (from kykaō, 'to mix') appears already in Homer, where Circe and Nestor prepare it. Its composition varied — water or wine, grated cheese, herbs — and a ritual version featured in the Eleusinian Mysteries. It was as much a food as a drink, a sign that the Greek boundary between eating and drinking was blurred.
Sources : Homer, Iliad (Book XI, Nestor's kykeon) and Odyssey · Andrew Dalby, Siren Feasts, Routledge, 1996