Crazy Horse’s menu
Wóyute oȟúŋkakeȟ (trail and reserve food)

Wasná — bison pemmican with chokecherries

TravelDocumented🍄 🧂 🍯moyen1 d (including drying)

Dried bison meat pounded into powder, mixed with rendered fat and crushed wild cherries. Compact, energy-dense, it keeps almost indefinitely: the perfect food for one who follows the herd or goes to war.

Wóyute oȟúŋkakeȟ (trail and reserve food)

Dried bison meat pounded into powder, mixed with rendered fat and crushed wild cherries. Compact, energy-dense, it keeps almost indefinitely: the perfect food for one who follows the herd or goes to war.

When we go far, we don't drag a pot. We take wasná. The women dried the meat in the wind and sun, thin as a leaf, then pounded it on the stone. We mixed it with the hot fat of the pté and the čhaŋpȟá, the cherries crushed with their pits. A man lasts a whole day on what his hand can hold — that is what made us fast when the soldiers thought us starving.
Crazy Horse
Ingredients
  • Dried bison meat (papa)a large quantity, reduced to powder (base)
  • Rendered bison fat (tallow)equal parts to the meat (binder, energy)
  • Dried chokecherries (čhaŋpȟá)a handful, crushed pit and all (fruit, preservation)
How it was made : Pemmican (from Algonquian pimîhkân) was made by all Plains nations. The meat was dried on racks, pounded, then sealed in fat inside rawhide bags (parfleches) that could last years. Chokecherry pits, toxic raw in large quantities, were crushed and dried according to precise know-how that made them safe.
Sources : Densmore, F., 'Teton Sioux Music' (1918) · Kindscher, K., 'Edible Wild Plants of the Prairie' (1987)