Women Who Made History

180 characters
Portrait of Ada Lovelace

Ada Lovelace

1815 — 1852

Sciences

British mathematician (1815-1852), pioneer of computing and programming. She wrote the first algorithm intended to be executed by a machine, working on Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine. Her legacy makes her a founding figure of theoretical computer science.

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Portrait of Agnès Varda

Agnès Varda

1928 — 2019

Performing Arts

French photographer, visual artist, film director and screenwriter

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Portrait of Alexandra David-Néel

Alexandra David-Néel

1868 — 1969

Exploration

French explorer and writer (1868-1969), Alexandra David-Néel was the first Western woman to reach Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, in 1924. A passionate Orientalist, she devoted her life to exploring and studying Asian cultures, particularly Tibetan Buddhism.

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Portrait of Amaterasu

Amaterasu

Mythology

Déesse du soleil et divinité majeure du shintoïsme japonais, vénérée comme ancêtre légendaire de la famille impériale. Selon la mythologie japonaise, elle est la plus importante des kami (esprits) du panthéon shinto.

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Portrait of Amelia Earhart

Amelia Earhart

1897 — 1939

Exploration

A pioneering American aviator of the 20th century, Amelia Earhart made history in aviation by becoming the first woman to cross the Atlantic by plane in 1928. She disappeared in 1937 during an attempt to circumnavigate the globe along the equator, becoming a legendary figure in the history of aerial exploration.

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Portrait of Anne Frank

Anne Frank

1929 — 1945

Literature

Anne Frank (1929-1945) was a young Dutch-Jewish girl whose diary, written in hiding during the Nazi occupation, became a poignant testimony of the Holocaust. She died in deportation at Bergen-Belsen, and her work remains a major source for understanding persecution and humanity in the face of horror.

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Portrait of Annie Ernaux

Annie Ernaux

1940 — ?

Literature

French writer born in 1940, Annie Ernaux is known for her innovative approach to autofiction and auto-sociobiography. Her major work, A Man's Place (1983), traces her father's story and social journey, marking a turning point in contemporary French literature.

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Portrait of Antigone

Antigone

Mythology

Héroïne de la mythologie grecque, fille d'Œdipe et de Jocaste, reine de Thèbes. Antigone incarne le conflit entre la loi divine et la loi humaine en osant défier l'ordre du roi Créon pour donner une sépulture à son frère Polynice, ce qui entraîne sa condamnation à mort.

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Portrait of Aphrodite

Aphrodite

Mythology

Déesse grecque de l'amour, de la beauté et de la fertilité dans la mythologie antique. Vénérée dans toute la Grèce et l'Empire romain sous le nom de Vénus. Figure centrale des récits mythologiques et de l'art antique.

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Portrait of Artémis

Artémis

Mythology

Déesse grecque de la chasse, de la lune et de la nature sauvage, Artémis est l'une des douze divinités majeures de l'Olympe. Sœur jumelle d'Apollon, elle symbolise l'indépendance et reste vierge selon la mythologie grecque. Elle incarne la protection des jeunes filles et des animaux sauvages.

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Portrait of Artemisia Gentileschi

Artemisia Gentileschi

1593 — 1653

Visual Arts

Italian painter

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Portrait of Aspasia of Miletus

Aspasia of Miletus

469 av. J.-C. — 399 av. J.-C.

Philosophy

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Portrait of Assia Djebar

Assia Djebar

1936 — 2015

Literature

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Portrait of Athéna

Athéna

Mythology

Athéna est la déesse grecque de la sagesse, de la stratégie militaire et des arts dans la mythologie antique. Patronne de la cité d'Athènes, elle est représentée armée d'une égide et d'une lance, incarnant l'intelligence et la réflexion stratégique.

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Portrait of Aung San Suu Kyi

Aung San Suu Kyi

1945 — ?

Politics

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Portrait of Ban Zhao

Ban Zhao

45 — 116

PhilosophyLiterature

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Portrait of Barbara McClintock

Barbara McClintock

1902 — 1992

Sciences

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Portrait of Benazir Bhutto

Benazir Bhutto

1953 — 2007

Politics

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Portrait of Berthe Morisot

Berthe Morisot

1841 — 1895

Visual Arts

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Portrait of Billie Holiday

Billie Holiday

1915 — 1959

Music

African-American jazz singer

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Portrait of Camille Claudel

Camille Claudel

1864 — 1943

Visual Arts

French sculptor and painter (1864–1943), she is one of the great artists of the late 19th century. A student and collaborator of Auguste Rodin, she developed her own artistic language before being gradually forgotten and committed to an asylum in 1913.

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Portrait of Caroline Herschel

Caroline Herschel

1750 — 1848

Sciences

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Portrait of Catherine de Medici

Catherine de Medici

1519 — 1589

Politics

Queen consort of France (1547–1559) and regent of the kingdom during the Wars of Religion. Born in Florence in 1519, she played a major political role by attempting to maintain the balance between Catholics and Protestants in France.

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Portrait of Catherine II of Russia

Catherine II of Russia

1729 — 1796

Politics

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Portrait of Cesária Évora

Cesária Évora

1941 — 2011

Music

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Portrait of Charlotte Brontë

Charlotte Brontë

1816 — 1855

Literature

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Portrait of Chien-Shiung Wu

Chien-Shiung Wu

1912 — 1997

Sciences

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Portrait of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

1977 —

LiteratureSociety

Nigerian writer

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Portrait of Christina of Sweden

Christina of Sweden

1626 — 1689

Politics

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Portrait of Christine de Pizan

Christine de Pizan

1364 — 1430

LiteraturePhilosophy

French philosopher and poet of Italian origin

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Portrait of Cixi

Cixi

1835 — 1908

Politics

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Portrait of Clara Schumann

Clara Schumann

1819 — 1896

Music

German pianist and composer

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Portrait of Clarice Lispector

Clarice Lispector

1920 — 1977

Literature

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Portrait of Cleopatra VII

Cleopatra VII

68 av. J.-C. — 29 av. J.-C.

Politics

Last queen of Ptolemaic Egypt (51–30 BC), Cleopatra VII ruled a kingdom in decline against the backdrop of Roman expansion. Known for her political alliances with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, she strove to preserve Egyptian independence during the final years of the Roman Republic.

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Portrait of Coco Chanel

Coco Chanel

1883 — 1971

Visual Arts

Revolutionary French fashion designer (1883–1971), Coco Chanel transformed women's fashion by offering simple, comfortable, and elegant clothing. Founder of the eponymous fashion house, she established modern style and freedom of movement as the new standards of elegance.

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Portrait of Colette

Colette

1873 — 1954

Literature

French novelist, playwright, and journalist (1873–1954), Colette is a towering figure of twentieth-century French literature. A prolific author, she explores themes of sensibility, nature, and female freedom through poetic, sensory prose.

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Portrait of Corazón Aquino

Corazón Aquino

1933 — 2009

Politics

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Portrait of Dolores Huerta

Dolores Huerta

1930 — ?

Society

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Portrait of Donna Strickland

Donna Strickland

1959 — ?

Sciences

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Portrait of Dorothy Hodgkin

Dorothy Hodgkin

1910 — 1994

Sciences

British chemist (1910-1994)

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Portrait of Edith Stein

Edith Stein

1891 — 1942

PhilosophySpirituality

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Portrait of Eleanor of Aquitaine

Eleanor of Aquitaine

1124 — 1204

Politics

Duchess of Aquitaine and Countess of Poitou, Eleanor of Aquitaine (1124–1204) was Queen of France through her marriage to Louis VII, then Queen of England after her union with Henry II Plantagenet. A towering figure of the Middle Ages, she wielded considerable political influence and was the mother of several kings of England.

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Portrait of Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun

Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun

1755 — 1842

Visual Arts

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Portrait of Elizabeth Anscombe

Elizabeth Anscombe

1919 — 2001

Philosophy

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Portrait of Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth I of England

1533 — 1603

Politics

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Portrait of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

1938 — ?

Politics

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Portrait of Émilie du Châtelet

Émilie du Châtelet

1706 — 1749

PhilosophySciences

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Portrait of Emily Brontë

Emily Brontë

1818 — 1848

Literature

British writer

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Portrait of Emily Dickinson

Emily Dickinson

1830 — 1886

Literature

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Portrait of Emmeline Pankhurst

Emmeline Pankhurst

1858 — 1928

Society

British feminist political activist (1858–1928)

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Portrait of Emmy Noether

Emmy Noether

1882 — 1935

Sciences

German mathematician (1882–1935) considered one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century. She revolutionized abstract algebra, and her landmark theorem established the deep connection between symmetries and conservation laws in physics.

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Portrait of Enheduanna

Enheduanna

2300 av. J.-C. — 2300 av. J.-C.

LiteratureSpirituality

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Portrait of Estée Lauder

Estée Lauder

1908 — 2004

EconomicsCulture

American businesswoman (1906–2004)

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Portrait of Etty Hillesum

Etty Hillesum

1914 — 1943

SpiritualityLiterature

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Portrait of Eva Perón

Eva Perón

1919 — 1952

Politics

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Portrait of Fanny Mendelssohn

Fanny Mendelssohn

1805 — 1847

Music

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Portrait of Flora Tristan

Flora Tristan

1803 — 1844

Politics

French journalist and feminist activist (1803–1844), Flora Tristan championed the emancipation of women and the condition of the working class in the 19th century. She was a pioneer of feminism and socialism, placing the question of women at the heart of political and social debate.

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Portrait of Françoise de Graffigny

Françoise de Graffigny

1695 — 1758

Literature

French writer (1695-1758), pioneer of the epistolary novel in the 18th century. She is best known for her Letters from a Peruvian Woman, a major work of Enlightenment literature that critiques French society through the discerning gaze of an exotic heroine.

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Portrait of Freya

Freya

Mythology

Freyja est une déesse majeure de la mythologie nordique, associée à l'amour, la fertilité, la beauté et la magie seiðr. Elle figure parmi les Vanes dans le panthéon norrois et est vénérée à travers les cultures scandinaves du Moyen Âge jusqu'à l'époque moderne.

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Portrait of Freya Stark

Freya Stark

1893 — 1993

ExplorationLiterature

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Portrait of Frida Kahlo

Frida Kahlo

1907 — 1954

Visual Arts

Mexican painter (1907–1954), renowned for her expressionist self-portraits and works exploring physical pain and identity. An iconic figure of surrealism and feminism, she transformed her personal suffering into major artistic creation.

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Portrait of Gabriela Mistral

Gabriela Mistral

1889 — 1957

Literature

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G

Gayatri Spivak

1942 —

Philosophy

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Portrait of George Sand

George Sand

1804 — 1876

Literature

A French novelist of the 19th century, George Sand (1804-1876) was one of the most prolific and innovative writers of her era. A champion of individual freedom and equal rights, she left a lasting mark on Romantic literature through her social novels and a life that openly defied the conventions of her time.

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Portrait of Georgia O'Keeffe

Georgia O'Keeffe

1887 — 1986

Visual Arts

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Portrait of Germaine Dulac

Germaine Dulac

1882 — 1942

Performing Arts

French film director, producer and screenwriter

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Portrait of Germaine Tailleferre

Germaine Tailleferre

1892 — 1983

Music

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Portrait of Golda Meir

Golda Meir

1898 — 1978

Politics

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Portrait of Grace Hopper

Grace Hopper

1906 — 1992

TechnologySciences

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Portrait of Hannah Arendt

Hannah Arendt

1906 — 1975

PhilosophyPolitics

German-born American philosopher (1906–1975), Hannah Arendt is one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century. A refugee in the United States after fleeing Nazism, she developed a critical analysis of totalitarianism, political violence, and the human condition in the modern world.

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Portrait of Harriet Taylor Mill

Harriet Taylor Mill

1807 — 1858

Philosophy

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Portrait of Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut

1506 av. J.-C. — 1457 av. J.-C.

Politics

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Portrait of Hedy Lamarr

Hedy Lamarr

1914 — 2000

TechnologyPerforming Arts

Austrian-born American actress, producer, and scientist

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Portrait of Hélène de Troie

Hélène de Troie

Mythology

Figure centrale de la mythologie grecque, Hélène est l'épouse du roi Ménélas de Sparte. Son enlèvement par le Troyen Pâris provoque la Guerre de Troie, l'un des plus grands conflits de la mythologie antique. Elle symbolise à la fois la beauté idéale et les conséquences destructrices de la passion.

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Portrait of Hélène Dorion

Hélène Dorion

1958 — ?

Literature

A Quebec poet and writer born in 1958, Hélène Dorion is a leading figure in contemporary French-Canadian poetry. Her work, marked by introspection and meditation on nature and identity, explores themes of belonging and freedom.

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Portrait of Henrietta Leavitt

Henrietta Leavitt

1868 — 1921

Sciences

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Portrait of Héra

Héra

Mythology

Héra est la reine des dieux et déesse du mariage dans la mythologie grecque antique. Épouse de Zeus, elle est vénérée comme protectrice du mariage et de la famille. Ses légendes reflètent les valeurs et les conflits du panthéon grec.

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Portrait of Hildegard von Bingen

Hildegard von Bingen

1098 — 1179

MusicSpirituality

First known composer, visionary, Doctor of the Church

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Portrait of Hilma af Klint

Hilma af Klint

1862 — 1944

Visual Arts

Swedish painter, theosophist, and pioneer of abstract art (1862–1944)

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Portrait of Hypatia of Alexandria

Hypatia of Alexandria

vers 355/370 — 415

SciencesPhilosophy

Greek mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher of the 4th–5th centuries, she taught in Alexandria and advanced the sciences of antiquity. An iconic figure of female scholarship, she was murdered in 415 during religious unrest.

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Portrait of Indira Gandhi

Indira Gandhi

1917 — 1984

Politics

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Portrait of Iris Murdoch

Iris Murdoch

1919 — 1999

PhilosophyLiterature

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Portrait of Isabella I of Castile

Isabella I of Castile

1451 — 1504

Politics

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Portrait of Isadora Duncan

Isadora Duncan

1877 — 1927

Performing Arts

American dancer (1877-1927)

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Portrait of Isis

Isis

Mythology

Isis est une déesse majeure de la mythologie égyptienne, associée à la magie, la maternité et la protection. Elle est surtout connue pour avoir ressuscité son époux Osiris après son assassinat par son frère Set, incarnant ainsi le pouvoir de la vie et de la régénération.

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Portrait of Jane Austen

Jane Austen

1775 — 1817

Literature

Jane Austen (1775-1817) was a major English novelist of the 19th century, author of romantic and social novels that subtly critique the social conventions of her time. Her work, most notably Pride and Prejudice, explores human relationships and the stakes of marriage with irony and psychological insight.

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Portrait of Jeanne Barret

Jeanne Barret

1740 — 1807

ExplorationSciences

explorer and botanist (1740-1807)

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Portrait of Joan of Arc

Joan of Arc

1412 — 1431

Military

Joan of Arc (1412–1431) was a French heroine who played a decisive role during the Hundred Years' War. Inspired by religious visions, she led the French armies to several victories against the English. Captured, tried for heresy, and burned at the stake in Rouen, she became an iconic figure of France.

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Portrait of Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Jocelyn Bell Burnell

1943 — ?

Sciences

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Portrait of Joséphine Baker

Joséphine Baker

1906 — 1975

Performing ArtsSociety

French singer, dancer, and revue performer of American origin

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Portrait of Julia Child

Julia Child

1912 — 2004

Culture

American chef and television host

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Portrait of Junko Tabei

Junko Tabei

1939 — 2016

Exploration

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Portrait of Kaguya-hime

Kaguya-hime

Mythology

Princesse légendaire du folklore japonais, héroïne du Conte du Coupeur de Bambou (Taketori monogatari), l'un des plus anciens récits de la littérature japonaise. Enfant trouvée dans une tige de bambou et élevée par un couple de paysans, elle devient une femme d'une beauté exceptionnelle avant de retourner à la Lune, sa véritable origine.

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Portrait of Katherine Johnson

Katherine Johnson

1918 — 2020

Sciences

African-American physicist, mathematician, and space engineer

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Portrait of La Fée Viviane

La Fée Viviane

Mythology

Figure légendaire de la mythologie arthurienne, Viviane est une fée et magicienne présentée comme la Dame du Lac dans les récits médievaux. Elle joue un rôle crucial dans l'histoire du roi Arthur en tant que protectrice, conseillère et gardienne de l'épée Excalibur.

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Portrait of Lakshmi Bai

Lakshmi Bai

1828 — 1858

Military

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Portrait of Laskarina Bouboulina

Laskarina Bouboulina

1771 — 1825

Military

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Portrait of Liliuokalani

Liliuokalani

1838 — 1917

Politics

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Portrait of Lise Meitner

Lise Meitner

1878 — 1968

Sciences

Austro-Swedish physicist

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Portrait of Louise Bourgeois

Louise Bourgeois

1911 — 2010

Visual Arts

Franco-American sculptor

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Portrait of Louise Michel

Louise Michel

1830 — 1905

Politics

Teacher and leading figure of the French anarchist movement (1830–1905), Louise Michel dedicated herself to educating poor children before becoming one of the heroines of the Paris Commune. Exiled and imprisoned for her revolutionary actions, she devoted her life to the struggle for social equality and the emancipation of the oppressed.

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Portrait of Lyudmila Pavlichenko

Lyudmila Pavlichenko

1916 — 1974

Military

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Portrait of Madam C.J. Walker

Madam C.J. Walker

1867 — 1919

Economics

First self-made female millionaire in the USA, born to formerly enslaved parents

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Portrait of Madame de La Fayette

Madame de La Fayette

1634 — 1693

Literature

17th-century French writer and pioneer of the psychological novel. Author of The Princess of Clèves, a landmark work exploring the inner feelings and intimate conflicts of its characters. A prominent figure in the literary and cultural life of Louis XIV's court.

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Portrait of Madame de Sévigné

Madame de Sévigné

1626 — 1696

Literature

French epistolary writer of the 17th century, celebrated for her exceptional literary correspondence, particularly her letters to her daughter. Her work offers an invaluable portrait of court life and French society under Louis XIV.

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Portrait of Madame de Staël

Madame de Staël

1766 — 1817

LiteraturePhilosophy

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Portrait of Mae Jemison

Mae Jemison

1956 —

SciencesExploration

American physician and astronaut

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Portrait of Malala Yousafzai

Malala Yousafzai

1997 —

Society

Pakistani activist for girls' education

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Portrait of Margaret Hamilton

Margaret Hamilton

1936 — ?

TechnologySciences

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Portrait of Margaret Thatcher

Margaret Thatcher

1925 — 2013

Politics

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Portrait of Marguerite Duras

Marguerite Duras

1914 — 1996

Literature

French writer, playwright, screenwriter, and filmmaker (1914–1996), Marguerite Duras is a major figure in contemporary literature. Author of The Lover, she revolutionized the novel form by exploring psychological introspection and the formal ruptures of the Nouveau Roman.

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Portrait of Marguerite Yourcenar

Marguerite Yourcenar

1903 — 1987

Literature

French writer (1903–1987), Marguerite Yourcenar is the author of Memoirs of Hadrian, a masterpiece of 20th-century literature. The first woman elected to the Académie française in 1980, she left a lasting mark on literature through her reflections on history and humanity.

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Portrait of Maria Callas

Maria Callas

1923 — 1977

MusicPerforming Arts

La Divina, the most celebrated opera soprano of the 20th century

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Portrait of Maria Montessori

Maria Montessori

1870 — 1952

SocietySciences

Italian physician and educator

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Portrait of Marie Curie

Marie Curie

1867 — 1934

Sciences

Polish-born French physicist and chemist (1867–1934). A pioneer in the study of radioactivity, she was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize and the only person to receive two Nobel Prizes in different scientific fields. Her discoveries revolutionized modern physics and chemistry.

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Portrait of Marie Tharp

Marie Tharp

1920 — 2006

Sciences

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Portrait of Marie-Antoinette

Marie-Antoinette

1755 — 1793

Politics

Queen consort of France from 1774 to 1792, wife of Louis XVI. A symbol of the Ancien Régime and its excesses, she became deeply unpopular with the French people and came to embody the frivolity of the Versailles court. Accused of treason during the French Revolution, she was executed by guillotine in 1793.

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Portrait of Mary Anning

Mary Anning

1799 — 1843

Sciences

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Portrait of Mary Shelley

Mary Shelley

1797 — 1851

Literature

Peerage person ID=695563

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Portrait of Mary Wollstonecraft

Mary Wollstonecraft

1759 — 1797

Philosophy

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Portrait of Maryam Mirzakhani

Maryam Mirzakhani

1977 — 2017

Sciences

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Portrait of Mechthild of Magdeburg

Mechthild of Magdeburg

1207 — 1282

SpiritualityLiterature

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Portrait of Méduse

Méduse

Mythology

Dans la mythologie grecque, Méduse est l'une des trois Gorgones, monstres féminins aux cheveux de serpents dont le regard pétrifie quiconque la regarde. Elle est tuée par le héros Persée, qui utilise son reflet dans son bouclier pour l'affronter sans être pétrifié.

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Portrait of Mélusine

Mélusine

Mythology

Personnage légendaire du Moyen Âge, Mélusine est une fée ou créature surnaturelle dotée d'une nature double : femme et serpent aquatique. Selon la légende, elle fonda la dynastie des Lusignan après son mariage avec le chevalier Raymond. Son histoire mêle merveilleux médiéval, malédiction et fondation dynastique.

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Portrait of Michelle Bachelet

Michelle Bachelet

1951 — ?

Politics

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Portrait of Mirabai

Mirabai

1498 — 1546

SpiritualityLiterature

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Portrait of Miriam Makeba

Miriam Makeba

1932 — 2008

MusicSociety

South African jazz singer and political activist

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Portrait of Morgane

Morgane

Mythology

Morgane est une figure majeure de la légende arthurienne, présentée comme une enchanteresse et demi-sœur du roi Arthur. Elle représente la magie et l'ambiguïté morale dans les récits médiévaux, oscillant entre adversaire et protectrice selon les versions.

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Portrait of Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa

1910 — 1997

Spirituality

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Portrait of Mulan

Mulan

Mythology

Mulan est un personnage légendaire de la littérature chinoise, une jeune femme qui se serait déguisée en homme pour prendre la place de son père dans l'armée. Son histoire, popularisée par le film d'animation Disney, illustre les valeurs de piété filiale et de courage.

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Portrait of Murasaki Shikibu

Murasaki Shikibu

970 — 1100

Literature

Japanese noblewoman, poet, and lady-in-waiting at the Imperial court during the Heian period

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Portrait of Nadia Boulanger

Nadia Boulanger

1887 — 1979

Music

French pedagogue, pianist, organist, choral conductor, orchestral conductor, and composer

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Portrait of Nadine Gordimer

Nadine Gordimer

1923 — 2014

Literature

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Portrait of Nathalie Sarraute

Nathalie Sarraute

1900 — 1999

Literature

French writer of Russian origin (1900-1999), Nathalie Sarraute is a major figure of the French Nouveau Roman. She revolutionized the novel form by exploring movements of consciousness and the 'sub-conversations' that animate human relationships.

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Portrait of Nefertiti

Nefertiti

1369 av. J.-C. — 1329 av. J.-C.

Politics

Nefertiti was the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Akhenaten, in the 14th century BC. She played an important role in the monotheistic religious reform of her era, promoting the cult of Aten, the sun god. Her idealized face, known through the famous bust, makes her one of the most depicted queens of Egypt.

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Portrait of Nellie Bly

Nellie Bly

1864 — 1922

ExplorationLiterature

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Portrait of Niki de Saint Phalle

Niki de Saint Phalle

1930 — 2002

Visual Arts

French artist, painter, and sculptor

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Portrait of Nina Simone

Nina Simone

1933 — 2003

MusicSociety

American jazz singer, pianist, composer, and civil rights activist for Black people

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Portrait of Njinga Mbandi

Njinga Mbandi

vers 1583 — 1663

Politics

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Portrait of Olympe de Gouges

Olympe de Gouges

1748 — 1793

PoliticsLiterature

French author, politician and pamphleteer (1748–1793), Olympe de Gouges campaigned for women's rights and the abolition of slavery during the French Revolution. She wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen in 1791, a founding document of feminism.

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Portrait of Oum Kalthoum

Oum Kalthoum

1898 — 1975

Music

Egyptian singer and actress

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Portrait of Pandore

Pandore

Mythology

Pandore est le premier personnage féminin de la mythologie grecque, créée par les dieux pour punir l'humanité. Elle reçoit une jarre (ou boîte) contenant tous les maux du monde, qu'elle ouvre par curiosité, libérant ainsi les souffrances parmi les humains. Son mythe illustre les conséquences de la désobéissance et la condition humaine.

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Portrait of Perséphone

Perséphone

Mythology

Perséphone est une déesse de la mythologie grecque, fille de Déméter et de Zeus. Enlevée par Hadès, le dieu des Enfers, elle devient reine des morts et règne aux côtés de son époux. Son mythe explique l'alternance des saisons : son retour annuel auprès de sa mère provoque le printemps et l'été.

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Portrait of Pina Bausch

Pina Bausch

1940 — 2009

Performing Arts

danseuse et chorégraphe allemande

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R

Rābiʿa al-ʿAdawiyya

vers 717 — 801

Spirituality

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Portrait of Rachel Carson

Rachel Carson

1907 — 1964

Sciences

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Portrait of Radia Perlman

Radia Perlman

1951 — ?

Technology

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Portrait of Ranavalona III

Ranavalona III

1861 — 1917

Politics

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Portrait of Rigoberta Menchú

Rigoberta Menchú

1959 —

Society

femme politique guatémaltèque défenseure des droits de l'homme

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Portrait of Rita Levi-Montalcini

Rita Levi-Montalcini

1909 — 2012

Sciences

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Portrait of Rosa Luxemburg

Rosa Luxemburg

1871 — 1919

PhilosophyPolitics

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Portrait of Rosa Parks

Rosa Parks

1913 — 2005

Politics

Rosa Parks est une militante afro-américaine du mouvement des droits civiques, née en 1913 en Alabama. Elle devient célèbre en 1955 en refusant de céder son siège à un passager blanc dans un bus à Montgomery, acte de désobéissance civile qui déclenche le boycott des bus et accélère la fin de la ségrégation raciale aux États-Unis.

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Portrait of Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Franklin

1920 — 1958

Sciences

Biologiste moléculaire britannique (1920-1958), Rosalind Franklin a apporté des contributions essentielles à la compréhension de la structure de l'ADN grâce à ses travaux de cristallographie aux rayons X. Elle est notamment célèbre pour la photographie 51, image fondamentale qui a révélé la structure en double hélice de l'ADN.

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Portrait of Sappho

Sappho

650 av. J.-C. — 569 av. J.-C.

Literature

Poétesse lyrique grecque du VIIe siècle av. J.-C., originaire de l'île de Lesbos. Reconnue comme l'une des plus grandes poétesses de l'Antiquité grecque, elle a composé des poèmes lyriques intimes exprimant des émotions personnelles, notamment sur l'amour et l'amitié. Son œuvre, largement perdue, a profondément influencé la littérature occidentale.

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Portrait of Sarah Bernhardt

Sarah Bernhardt

1989 —

Performing Arts

peintre (née 1989)

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Portrait of Sei Shōnagon

Sei Shōnagon

966 — 1025

LiteraturePhilosophy

autrice japonaise

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Portrait of Selma Lagerlöf

Selma Lagerlöf

1858 — 1940

Literature

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Portrait of Simone de Beauvoir

Simone de Beauvoir

1908 — 1986

LiteraturePhilosophy

Philosophe et romancière française (1908-1986), Simone de Beauvoir est une figure majeure de l'existentialisme et du féminisme moderne. Auteure du Deuxième Sexe, essai fondateur sur la condition des femmes, elle a profondément influencé la pensée philosophique et les mouvements émancipateurs du XXe siècle.

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Portrait of Simone Veil

Simone Veil

1927 — 2017

Politics

Femme politique française (1927-2017), survivante de la Shoah et ministre de la Santé sous Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. Elle est célèbre pour avoir fait adopter la loi dépénalisant l'interruption volontaire de grossesse (IVG) en 1975, un combat majeur pour les droits des femmes.

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Portrait of Simone Weil

Simone Weil

1909 — 1943

Philosophy

Philosophe française (1909-1943) engagée socialement et spirituellement. Elle a combiné la réflexion philosophique avec l'action directe auprès des ouvriers et des opprimés, tout en développant une pensée mystique originale. Son œuvre, publiée après sa mort, explore les rapports entre le travail, la justice et la transcendance.

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Portrait of Sirimavo Bandaranaike

Sirimavo Bandaranaike

1916 — 2000

Politics

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Portrait of Sofia Kovalevskaya

Sofia Kovalevskaya

1850 — 1891

Sciences

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Portrait of Sojourner Truth

Sojourner Truth

1797 — 1883

Society

afro-Américaine militante abolitionniste et du droit des femmes

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Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

1651 — 1695

Literature

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Portrait of Tamara de Lempicka

Tamara de Lempicka

1898 — 1980

Visual Arts

peintre d'origine polonaise (1898-1980)

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Portrait of Tarana Burke

Tarana Burke

1973 — ?

Society

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Portrait of Théodora

Théodora

497 — 548

Politics

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Portrait of Thérèse d'Ávila

Thérèse d'Ávila

1515 — 1582

SpiritualityLiterature

Réformatrice du Carmel, mystique, docteur de l'Église

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Portrait of Tomoe Gozen

Tomoe Gozen

1157 — 1247

Military

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Portrait of Toni Morrison

Toni Morrison

1931 — 2019

Literature

Écrivaine afro-américaine majeure du XXe siècle, Toni Morrison est l'auteure de romans fondamentaux explorant l'expérience des Afro-Américains, notamment l'esclavage et ses traumatismes. Elle a reçu le prix Nobel de littérature en 1993, première femme noire à recevoir cet honneur.

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Portrait of Tu Youyou

Tu Youyou

1930 —

Sciences

chercheuse en pharmacie chinoise

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Portrait of Valentina Terechkova

Valentina Terechkova

1937 —

Exploration

cosmonaute et femme politique russe, première femme dans l'espace

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Portrait of Victoria

Victoria

1819 — 1901

Politics

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Portrait of Vigdís Finnbogadóttir

Vigdís Finnbogadóttir

1930 — ?

Politics

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Portrait of Virginia Woolf

Virginia Woolf

1882 — 1941

Literature

Femme de lettres britannique (1882-1941), Virginia Woolf est l'une des figures majeures de la littérature moderniste du XXe siècle. Auteure de Mrs Dalloway et Orlando, elle a révolutionné le roman par sa technique du monologue intérieur et ses réflexions pionnières sur le féminisme et la condition des femmes.

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Portrait of Vivienne Westwood

Vivienne Westwood

1941 — 2022

CultureVisual Arts

créatrice de mode britannique (1941–2022)

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Portrait of Wangari Maathai

Wangari Maathai

1940 — 2011

Society

Nobel de la paix 2004, Mouvement de la Ceinture verte, Kenyane

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Portrait of Wu Zetian

Wu Zetian

624 — 705

Politics

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Portrait of Yaa Asantewaa

Yaa Asantewaa

1832 — 1921

Military

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Portrait of Zénobie

Zénobie

240 — 275

Politics

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